Pump, compressor, or the like



April 1942- e. A. MATTEsoN, JR ,2

PUMP, COMPRESSOR. oR THE LIKE Filed June 19, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 1'April 14, 1942.

G. A. MATTESON, JR

PUMP, COMPRESSOR. OR THE LIKE 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 19, 1939-hiie' zize' April 14, 1942.

G. A. MATTESON, JR

PUMP, COMPRESSOR. OR THE LIKE Filed June 19, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 3Patented Apr. 14, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,279,740 PUMP,COMPRESSOR, on THE LIKE George A. Matteson, Jr., Saunderstown, R. I.

Application June 19, 1939, Serial No. 279,924 16 Claims. (c1.1'0s 145)The present invention relates to a device for compressing or pumpingfluids. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is notlimited to' such uses as a pump or compressor but may also be employedas an engine, meter or the like.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a device ofthe type indicated having a piston in the form of a disk adapted tooscillate as it reciprocates in .a work-chamber.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device of the typeindicated wherein the oscillation of the piston controls the intake andexhaust of fluid to and from the work-chamber.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device of the typeindicated in which the pistondisk is directly driven by eccentric meansto cause it to oscillate about its center as it reciprocates along theaxis of the chamber.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device of the typeindicated wherein ports in the piston-disk move in closed orbitsandregister with intake andexhaust ports arranged in said orbits on thecasing to control the intake and exhaust of fluid to and from thework-chamber.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device of the typeindicated which is doubleacting in that the piston is adapted to pumpand compress fluids in the work-chamber during its movement in eitherdirection.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a device of the typeindicated which is of extremely simple construction and comprising fewparts to adapt it for economical manufacture while at the same timebeing efficient in performing its intended functions.

Further objects of the invention are set forth in the followingspecification which describes a preferred embodiment of the invention,by way of example, as illustrated by the accompanying drawings. In thedrawings:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a pump incorporating the novel featuresof the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view through the pump illustrating thepiston at one end of the work-chamber and showing the valve-ports in thepiston positioned between the intake and exhaust ports in the casing;

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 illustrating the eccentric drivingmeans for the piston rotated 90 from the position illustrated in Fig. 2and indicating the combined reciprocation and oscillation of thepiston-disk to register the ports in the piston-disk with the intake andexhaust ports at opposite ends of the casing;

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing the relative position of thepiston and valve-ports after the eccentric driving means has beenrotated 180 from the position illustrated in Fig. 2;

' Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 2 illustrating the combinedreciprocation and oscillation of V the piston-disk in a reversedirection by rotation of the eccentric driving means 2'70 from theposition illustrated in Fig. 2 and showing the ports in the piston inregistry with the intake and exhaust ports opposite from thoseillustrated in Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional'view on line 66 of Fig. 2 showing theeccentric driving means seated in a circular recess in the piston;

Fig. 7- is a transverse sectional view on line l'| of Fig. 3' showingthe ports in the piston in registry with one of the pairs of intake andexhaust ports in the casing;

Fig-8 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing a modified form ofconstruction incorporating shoes at the opposite sides of thepiston-disk;

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8 illustrating the eccentric drivingmeans rotated from the position illustrated in- Fig. 8 and showing thefluid being compressed and exhausted from the compartment at one end ofthe chamber and entering the compartment at the opposite end of thechamber;

Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 8 illustrating the eccentric drivingmeans rotated from the position illustrated in Fig. 8 and showing thepiston at the opposite end of the chamber;

Fig. ll is a transverse sectional view on line H-ll of Fig. 10 showingthe rectangular form of the ends of the shoes and the fluid-port there-'between; and I Fig, 12 is a diagrammatic view illustrating a lubricationsystem for the pump.

The present invention comprises in general an elongate chamber and apiston of disk form adapted to reciprocate and oscillate in saidchamber. The disk may engage directly with the side walls of the chamberor shoes may be provided between the disk and casing, but in either casethe piston means is in sealing engagement with the walls of the chamberto divide it into separate compartments. An eccentric driving means isseated in acircular recess in the piston-disk casing. In other words;the piston itself constitutes the valves for controlling the intake andexhaust of fluidsto and from the chamber.

The embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1 to 7 of thedrawings comprises a casing 2 having a work-chamber 3 formed therein.Preferably, the casing 2 consists of a body-member 4 having a centralopening therein of the desired contour to, form the chamber 3 andclosure plates 5 and ,6 at the opposite sides of the body -member. The:b'ody-member 4- and closure plates 5 and 6 are held in assembledrelationship by means of bolts I extending through the parts adjacenttheir marginal sides. It will I be understood, however, that thebody-member 4 and one closure plate 5 may be made. integral and thechamber 3 formed therein bya routing or other machining operation.Asillustrated. in 7 Figs. 2 and 6, thechamber 3 has semi-circular. walls8 and 9 connected by parallel walls I Oin thebody-member 4 andparallelside walls formed bythe closure platesv 5; and A tubular bearingH is provided on. the; closureplate 5 having a central b'ore. I2therein. Thewcasing 2 may be.

supported in any suitablermannerwand, as. herein illustrated, theclosure plates 5v and-16 have lateralfeet l3with'holes I4 therein foradapting the casing to be bolted to any" suitable support. Thebody-member 4 and. closure plates 5. and Gmay be. cast and machined,butpreferably they are manufactured fromsheet-metal with the feet I3 7 andbearing welded thereto.

The closure plate Ehas opposite pairs of intake.

ports 20, 2| andiexhaust ports 22,.23' formed therein. As illustrated inFigs. 2 and '7 the ports 20, '2 L22 and 23 are inithezform ofrecessedslots with the'pair' of intake ports 2|J=and2| arranged on oneside of the longitudinal axis ofthe' chamber 3 and the pair of exhaustports 22. and23 arranged on. the opposite side of 'said axis. The

intake and exhaust'portsv 20. and 22 are arranged opposite each otheradjacent one end of the chamber3,'while the intake and exhaust ports 2|and 23 are similarly arranged adjacent the opposite end of the. chamber-The opposite intake and exhaust ports. 20, 22 and 2|, 23 are located in.the orbit of movement ofrports ina piston, to be later described, andmay vary in shape and size for any particular design of pump. The intakeports 20 and2|are connected to a common supply by the branched ends of asubstantially Y-shaped conduit, or pipefitting 24, see Fig. 1, extendingthrough holes in the closure plate 5 and welded or soldered thereto andthe exhaust ports 22 and Rare similarly connected by a Y- shaped conduit25.

The piston 30 is in the form of a disk mounted in' the chamber 3' andhaving a. radius equal to the radius of the semi-circular end walls 8and disk. A'circular recess 31 isformed. in the disk 30 on the oppositeside from the ports 33 andr34.

Thedriving means for the piston-disk 30 may comprise a drive-shaft 40journaled in the bore I2 of the hearing I ,on the closure plate 5 andhaving an eccentric disk 4| formed on or secured to the inner end of theshaft. Preferably the eccentric disk 4| is made integral with thedrive-shaft 40 and is adapted toseat in the circular recess 31 in thepiston-disk. A pulley 42 may be connected to the drive-shaft 40 at itsouter end, asby a set-screw 43, or any other suitthereon.suchi'anfarrangement would have the limitation .of relatively smallcapacity and a relatively small orbit of movement of the ports 33 and34* in, the piston 30. A- relatively great eccentricity'o f; the disk"4| ,Withrespect to the driveshaft 40 will-give agreater'capacity anda'larger.

orbit of movement of the valve ports. 33 and 34 butrwith a reduction ofthe mechanicaladvantage to drive-the pistone-disk- 30 -and. an'increasein the side pressureon the piston-disk. The ad-. vantage anddisadvantages approacheach other to give an optimum average of cap city,mechanical advantageand valve-port movement when the eccentricity of thedisk, with. respect to the drive-shaft 40- midway between its oppositelimits. It will-be understood, however, that for a particular: conditionof; use of the'dev'ice a; particular relationship of the parts would bedesirable. If the device were tobe used to compress gases atlow pressurea relatively large eccentricity would be. desirable, but. if the'devicewere. to be used to compress. gas'at a highpressure a relatively.smalleccentricity would be preferable.

The eccentricityof the disk 4| with respect to the drive-shaft, 40 maybe variedfrom zero, as one limit, to a, value approaching the distancebetween'thecenter of the ;disk 4| and the center of the piston-disk33 asthe other limit. If the eccentricityjof the disk 4| with respect to the.drive-shaft 40 is equal to the. distance between the center of theeccentric disk and the center of the piston-disk 30 the latter willrotate instead of oscillate andif theeccentricity is greater thepiston-diskwill jam. against the side walls I0 of the chamber}. Betweenthese limits of eccentricity the piston-disk. 30 will. simultaneouslyreciprocate and oscillate and the relative movement varies directlyvwith the eccentricity.

The ends of the valve-ports 33 and 34 in the piston-disk30 maybelocatedat any point on the side thereof and their orbits of movementwill vary in shape and size dependingupon their particular location.Whentheend of the port 33 is located on the piston-disk 30 .between thecenter of the eccentric disk. 4| and the center ofthe piston-disk itsorbit will be egg-shaped and fiattened in the direction-of longitudinalmovement of the piston-disk. When. located between the circle due to thecombined harmonic and recipro catory motionof the latter.' Thedistortion of the orbit of movement of the end of the valve-port 34froma true circle is so slight, however, as to be practicallynegligible. A stated above the intake and exhaust ports 20, 2|, 22 and23 in the coverplate 6 of the casing 2 are arranged in the orbits ofmovement of the ends of the valve-ports 33 and 34 in the piston-disk 3Band the ports 2| and 23 are made slightly wider than the width of theport 34 in the piston-disk to compensate for the slight variation of itsorbit of movement from a true circle. One embodiment of the pump havingnow been described in detail its-mode of operation is explained asfollows:

Assuming the parts of the device to be in the relationship illustratedin Fig. 2, upon rotation of the drive-shaft 40 to the positionillustrated in Fig. 3 the crank-arm between'the centers of thedrive-shaft and the eccentric disk 4| moves from a vertical toahorizontal position. The shifting of said crank-arm with the rotationof the eccentric disk 4| in the circular recess 3'! of'the pistondisk 30moves the latter upwardly and simultaneously rocks it about its axis ina clockwise direction, see Fig. 3. At the beginning of the movement ofthe piston-disk 3B the inner ends of the ports 33 and 34 are broughtinto register with the exhaust port 22 and intake port 2|, respectively,and due to the shape of said ports they continue to register as thepiston-disk is simultaneously reciprocated and oscillated. During theupward movement of the piston-disk 30 the fluid in the compartment 3| iscompressed and forced outwardly through the port 33 in the piston-disk,exhaust port 22 in the casing and conduit 25 connecting the exhaustports to a suitable receiver. Simultaneously, fluid is drawn into thecompartment 32 below. the piston-disk 30 through the conduit 24, intakeport 2|, and port 34 in the piston-disk, the oppositeintake and exhaustports 2|] and 23 of each pair being in sealing engagement with the sideof the piston-disk.

Upon continued rotation of the drive-shaft 45 and eccentric disk 4| fromthe positionillustrated in Fig. 3 to that illustrated in Fig. 4 thecrank-arm of the eccentric disk 4| moves from a horizontal to a verticalposition causing the piston-disk 30 to continue its upward motion, butto rock in the opposite or counter-clockwise direction. During thecontinued upward movement of the piston-disk 30 the fluid in thecompartment 3| continues to be exhausted and the compartment 32continues to be supplied with fluid until the valve-ports 33 and 34 inthe pistondisk move out of register with the exhaust-port 22 and intakeport 2|, respectively. The exhaust port 22 is preferably arranged toregister with the port 33 until the piston-disk 35 has completed itsupward stroke. the piston-disk 30 and the semi-circular end 8 of thechamber 3 a very close clearance is obtained. At the very end of theup-stroke of the piston-disk 30 the valve port 33' therein moves out ofregister with the exhaust port 22 as illus trated in Fig. 4.

As the eccentric disk 4| continues its rotation from the position shownin Fig. 4 to that shown.

in Fig. the crank-arm of the eccentric moves from a vertical to ahorizontal position, but on the opposite side of the longitudinal axisof the work-chamber 3 from that previously described to move thepiston-disk 3D downwardly and continue to rock it in a counter-clockwisedirection.

Thus, the port 33 in the piston-disk 30 is brought Due to the circularform of into register with the intake port and port 34 is brought intoregister with the exhaust port 23v as shown in Fig. 5. Downward movementof the piston-disk 30 causes the fluid in the compartment 32 to exhaustthrough the port 34, exhaust port 23 and conduit and the compartment 3|to be supplied with fluid through the conduit 24, intake port 20 andport 33 in the piston-disk. The exhaust and intake of fluid continuesduring the down-stroke of the piston-disk in the same manner asexplained abovewith respect to the up-stroke of the piston-disk until.

the latter returns to the position illustrated in Fig. 2.

By the above explained method of operation the device functions as adouble-acting pump or compressor during each revolution of thedriveshaft 4|] and the oscillation of the piston-disk 30 controls theintake and exhaust of'the fluid. It will be noted that the piston hasits greatest lateral or oscillatory movement and its leastreciprocatorymovement atthe ends of its stroke in either direction dueto the harmonic motion of any pointon the periphery of the eccentricdisk 4|. The increased lateral movement of the piston-disk 30 at thetime when the ports 33 and 34 in the latter are shifted out of registrywith the exhaust ports 22 and 23 to register with the intake ports 20and 2| in the casing 2, or vice versa, gives an optimum operatingcondition.

Figs. 8 to 11 of the drawings illustrate a modified form of constructionof the device incorporating shoes at each side of a disk 5| to provide apiston of rectangular outline. In this modified construction thework-chamber 52 is of rectangular form to accommodate the rectangularpiston. Preferably, the shoes 50 have arcuate faces 53 of the sameradius as the periphery of the disk 5| and extend throughout substantially the whole circumference thereof with only a slight clearancebetween their ends. The top 54 and bottom 55 of each shoe 50 is arrangedparallel to the ends 56 and 51 of the chamber 52 to cooperate therewithwith a close fit and the sides of each shoe are adapted to slide on therespective side walls 59 and 60 of the work-chamber 52. Arcuate recessesGI and 62 are provided on the inside face of each shoe 50 adjacent itsopposite ends for cooperation with the ends of the ports 63 and 64 inthe periphery of the disk 5| and recesses 65 and 66 at the ends of thearcuate recesses provide for communication with the compartments atopposite sides of the piston.

, A lubricating system is preferably provided in the deviceforisupplying lubricant to the relatively movable parts and'to furtheract as a seal between the piston and the side walls of the chamber 3 or52. As illustrated in Fig. 9, an oil-well in the form of a bore I0 isprovided at the center of the disk 5| and the intake ports 20 and 2| inthe casing have oil-grooves'll and 12 adapted to overlie the edge of theoil-well during the combined reciprocation and oscillation of the disk.Thus, small amounts of lubricant are supplied to the compartments atopposite sides of the piston which are distributed by the movement ofthe piston-disk 5|. It will be understood that oil-grooves (not hereinshown) may be provided in the side of the piston-disk 5! to extendradially from the oil-well 1D to the bearing surnecting: the separatorwiththeinteriorof the chamber. r v

The device of modified. construction illustrated in Figs. 8 to 11operates in thesame manner as that illustrated in Figs. 1 to 7. Rotationof the,

eccentric disk 4| causes the piston-disk 5| to reciprocate and oscillatesimultaneously to'compressor pump fluid and controlthe openingandclosing of the intake. and exhaust ports. The periphery of thepiston-disk 5!, however, bears against the shoes 50 throughoutsubstantially its whole circumference to provide a tight seal and theshoes reciprocate on. the side walls of; the chamber 52. It is to .benoted that the pressure of the fluid acting against the'ends of theshoes 50 tends to wedge them between the disk 5! and the side wallsofthe chamber 52 to provide an effective seal therebet-ween. During thecom.- bined reciprocation and oscillation of the disk 5| lubricant isdistributed from the oil-well. to lubricate therelativelymovable partsand it further helps to seal the pointsotcontactbetween the piston andthe side walls of. the cham-' ber 5 in the casing. It will be observedfrom the foregoing description that the present invention provides adevice particularly well adapted. for compressing or pumping fluids andwhich has a minimum number of parts of simple and compact construction.It will .be observed further that the invention provides a constructionwherein 'a single element constitutes both a piston andthe valvesforcontrolling the intake'andexhaust of fluid to and from a work-chamber.

While two embodiments only of the present invention are herein: shownand described, it is to be understood that various othermodificavalveports therein, means in sealing engagement with-theparallel sidewalls of the chamber comprising a disk having'a porttherein communicating with the chamber and one side of the disk, andmeans for simultaneously reciprocating and oscillating said disk, theport in'the disk moving into and out of register with the ports inthe-casing during the oscillation of the disk to control theflow offluid toand from the chamber.

5. In a deviceof the type indicated,a casing having a chamber thereinwith parallel side walls, a disk in said chamber, said disk having itsopposite faces in sealing engagement with the parallel side walls of thechamber, means for simultaneously reciprocating and oscillating saiddisk in' a planenormal'to its axis, inlet and outlet valve ports'in thecasing, and a valve port in the disk communicating with the chamber andtions may be made inthe structure and arrangement of the elementswithout departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. r iTherefore, without limiting myself in this respect,

I claim: 1. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having a chambertherein with parallel side walls, a 'disk having its opposite flat facesengaging the parallel side walls of the chamber, and means forreciprocating and oscillatingrthe disk in the chamber, said casinghaving inlet and outlet ports and said disk having a port communicatingwith the chamber and cooperating 'with the valve ports in the casingduring its reciprocation-and oscillation.

2. In a device of the type indicated, havinga chamber therein, a pistonin said chamber comprising a disk dividing the chamber into separatecompartments, said disk having parallel flat faces and a cylindricalperiphery, means for reciprocating and oscillating said disk inthechamber in a plane parallel to the flat faces of the disk, andvalve-means communicating with the separate compartments.

3. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having an elongatechamber'therein with inlet and outlet ports. at the side of the chamber,means in sealing engagement with the walls of said chamber to divide thelatter into separate compartments comprising a disk having ports adaptedfor communication with the inlet and outlet ports in the casing and thecompartments, and means for reciprocating and oscillating said disk insaid chamber in a plane normal to the axis of the disk.

4. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having a chamber withparallel side walls and a casing.

adapted to move into and out of registry with the inlet and outlet portsin the casing during the reciprocation and oscillation of the disk.

6. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having a chamber therein,means in sealing engagement with the walls of the chamber comprising adisk and shoes at opposite sides of the disk having bearing surfacesengageable with the" disk and the side walls of the chamber, and meansfor reciprocating and oscillating said disk in the chamber, said casinghaving inlet and outlet ports and said sealing means having a portcommunicating with the chamber and the inlet and outlet ports in thecasing during reciprocation and oscillation of the disk.

"7. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having a rectangularchamber therein with inlet and outlet ports in one of the sidewalls'thereof, means in sealing engagement with the walls of the chamberand dividing the latter into separate compartmentsisaid means comprisinga disk and shoes'at opposite sides thereof to provide a rectangularpiston, and eccentric means for reciprocating and oscillating the disk,said disk having ports communicating with the separate compartments andadapted for registry with the inlet andv outlet ports in the wall of thecasing as the disk is reciprocated and oscillated.

8. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having a chamber andinlet and outlet ports therein, a piston in sealing engagement with thewalls of thechamber comprising a disk and bearing means embracing thedisk with bearing surfaces engageable with the disk and side wallsof thechamber, and means for reciprocatingand oscillating said disk in thechamber, said piston having a valve port communicating with the chamberand cooperating with the inlet and outlet ports in the casing during thereciprocation and oscillation of, the disk.

9. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having a rectangularprismoidalchamber with semi-cylindrical ends, a disk in sealingengagement with the walls of the chamber and dividing the latter intoseparate compartments, said disk having ports atone side communicatingwith the separate compartments, eccentric means for simultaneouslyreciprocatingand oscillating the disk, and intake and exhaust ports inthe casing adapted to cooperate with the ports in the disk during theoscillation of the latter.

10. In a device of the type indicated, a casing able eccentric in therecess in the disk for reciprocating and oscillating the latter, saiddisk having a port communicating with the chamber and the inlet andoutlet ports in the casing.

11. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having an elongatechamber therein, said chamber having parallel side walls with inlet andexhaust ports therein, means in sealing engagement with the parallelside walls of the chamber comprising a disk having a port communi catingwith the chamber and adapted to alternately move into and out ofregister with the inlet and exhaust ports in the casing, and eccentricmeans for simultaneously reciprocating and oscillating the disk, thealternate registration of the port in the disk with the ports in thecasing being controlled by the oscillation of said disk.

12. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having an elongatechamber therein, means in sealing engagement with the walls of thechamber comprising a disk, said disk having a circular recess and a portin the side thereof communicating with the chamber, an eccentricrotatable in the recess in the disk for simultaneously reciprocating andoscillating the latter in the chamber, said compound movement of saiddisk causing the port in the side thereof to move in a predeterminedclosed orbit, and intake and exhaust ports in the side of the casingarranged in the orbit of movement of the port in the disk for registrytherewith.

13. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having an elongatechamber therein with parallel side walls and opposite pairs of intakeand exhaust ports in one side wall thereof, means in sealing engagementwith the parallel side walls of the chamber dividing the latter intoseparate compartments, said last-named means comprising a disk havingports communicating with the opposite compartments of the chamber andthe intake and exhaust ports in the side wall of the chamber, andeccentric means for simultaneously reciprocating and oscillating thelatter, the oscillation of said disk controlling the registry of theports in the disk with the intake and exhaust ports in the chamber.

14. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having an elongatechamber therein with inlet and outlet ports at the side of the chamber,means in sealing engagement with the walls of said chamber comprising adisk having a circular recess in one side thereof and a port adapted forcommunication with the inlet and outlet ports in the casing and thechamber, and a driveshaft journaled in said casing and having a diskeccentrically mounted on the end thereof and seated in the recess in thefirst-mentioned disk, rotation of said eccentric disk causing saidfirst-mentioned disk to simultaneously reciprocate and oscillate in thechamber.

15. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having an elongatechamber therein, a disk having opposite parallel flat faces mounted inthe chamber, the diameter of said disk being substantially equal to thedistance between the lateral walls of the chamber and itscross-sectional dimension being substantially equal to the distancebetween the forward and rearward walls of the chamber to adapt it forsealing engagement with the sides of the latter, means for reciprocatingand oscillating said disk in the chamber in a plane parallel to the fiatfaces of the disk, and valve-means communicating with the chamber.

16. Ina device of the type indicated, a casing having an elongatechamber therein, means in sealing engagement with the walls of thechamber dividing the latter into separate compartments, said meanscomprising a disk having a circular recess at one side of its center andopposite ports at one side thereof communicating with the separatecompartments, an eccentric rotatable in the recess in the disk forsimultaneously reciprocating and oscillating the latter in the chamber,said compound movement of said disk causing the ports in the sidethereof to move in predetermined closed orbits, and a pair of intakeports in the side wall of the casing at one side of the longitudinalaxis of the chamber and a pair of exhaust ports at the opposite side ofsaid axis, said inlet and exhaust ports being arranged in the orbits ofmovement of the ports in the disk for registry therewith.

GEORGE A. MATTESON, JR.

